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Banking system of India - Theory

#Reserve Bank of India is the central bank of the country and regulates the banking system of India. The structure of the banking system of India can be broadly divided into scheduled banks, non-scheduled banks and development banks. Banks that are included in the second schedule of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 are considered to be Scheduled banks .  All scheduled banks enjoy the following facilities: Such a bank becomes eligible for debts/loans on bank rate from the RBI Such a bank automatically acquires the membership of a clearing house. All banks which are not included in the second section of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 are Non-scheduled Banks. They are not eligible to borrow from the RBI for normal banking purposes except for emergencies. Scheduled banks are further divided into commercial and cooperative banks. 1.Commercial Banks The institutions that accept deposits from the general public and advance loans with the purpose of earning profits are known as C...
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Difference between Vouching , Verification and Valuation

  Difference between Vouching , Verification and Valuation  Vouching Verification Valuation Meaning Vouching is a process of comparing the entries in the books of accounts with the bonafide vouchers Verification is a process which proves the existence, ownership and title to the assets Valuation is a process which certifies the correct value of the assets and liabilities at the date of balance sheet. Subject Matter Vouching is made of the entries recorded in the books of original entry and their posting in the ledger Verification on the other hand is made of assets and liabilities appearing in the balance sheet at the end of the year Valuation is also made of assets and liabilities appearing in the balance sheet at the end of the year By whom Vouching is done by the senior auditor and audit clerks. Verification on the other hand is done by the auditor himself or his associates Verification on the other hand is done by the auditor himself or his associates When Vouching is done...
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Basic Principles Governing an Audit

  SA- 200 describes the nine basic principles that govern the procedure of auditing. It lists out the roles and responsibilities of the auditor and his general code of conduct during an audit.  1] Integrity, Independence and Objectivity The auditor has to be honest while auditing, he cannot be favoring the organization. He must remain objective throughout the whole process, his integrity must not allow any malpractice.  Another important principle is independence. So the auditor cannot have any interest in the organization he is auditing, which allows him to be independent and impartial at all times. 2] Confidentiality The auditor has access to a lot of sensitive financial information of the organization. It is important that he respect the confidential nature of such information and documents. He cannot disclose any sensitive information to any third party unless it is a requirement by law. And he must also be very careful with documents, certificates etc. that the organ...
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