Skip to main content

Types of Ethics


  1.  Transactional Ethics: Man is a social animal. He has to react with others through different transactions. Business transactions are the interaction between business and their customer. The practice of ethics in all these transactions is called transactional ethics. Eg. We need vegetables & fruits likewise the vendor needs customers like us for survival and we both are dependent on each other. Equality Honesty & Reciprocity is indicated as the domain of transactional ethics.   


  1. Participatory Ethics: Guided by the common good, all the participants follow some ethical practices. Participatory ethics is an integral part of business ethics; these are the actions some of which are guided by common interest and some shared interest by all participants involved in the business.  It is the ethics of civil society. By participating on a regular basis in common projects on behalf of the general welfare, a corporation demonstrates that it can take its corporate citizenship.   


  1.  Recognition Ethics: As human beings, people are endowed with the ability to understand the problems of others. This quality leads to the recognition of individuals, institutions, and societies. Conflicting situations can be solved by the correct recognition of the situation. Eg. The strong is helping the weak, The learned is helping the lesser learned, The experienced is helping the new entrant. 








Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Difference between Vouching , Verification and Valuation

  Difference between Vouching , Verification and Valuation  Vouching Verification Valuation Meaning Vouching is a process of comparing the entries in the books of accounts with the bonafide vouchers Verification is a process which proves the existence, ownership and title to the assets Valuation is a process which certifies the correct value of the assets and liabilities at the date of balance sheet. Subject Matter Vouching is made of the entries recorded in the books of original entry and their posting in the ledger Verification on the other hand is made of assets and liabilities appearing in the balance sheet at the end of the year Valuation is also made of assets and liabilities appearing in the balance sheet at the end of the year By whom Vouching is done by the senior auditor and audit clerks. Verification on the other hand is done by the auditor himself or his associates Verification on the other hand is done by the auditor himself or his associates When Vouching is done...

Financial statements & analysis

  Financial statements & analysis Financial statements are written records that convey the business activities and the financial performance of a company.  The financial statements are used by investors, market analysts, and creditors to evaluate a company's financial health and earnings potential. The three major financial statement reports are the  Balance sheet Income statement Cash flow statement Financial statements are often audited by government agencies, accountants, firms, etc. to ensure accuracy and for tax, financing, or investing purposes. Sources of financial information To effectively evaluate the financial performance of the business requires financial information from three sources: a balance sheet, an income statement and a cash flow statement.  Balance Sheet   A balance sheet is a statement of assets, liabilities, and capital of a business or an organization at a particular point in time, detailing the balance of income and expenditure ov...

Basic Principles Governing an Audit

  SA- 200 describes the nine basic principles that govern the procedure of auditing. It lists out the roles and responsibilities of the auditor and his general code of conduct during an audit.  1] Integrity, Independence and Objectivity The auditor has to be honest while auditing, he cannot be favoring the organization. He must remain objective throughout the whole process, his integrity must not allow any malpractice.  Another important principle is independence. So the auditor cannot have any interest in the organization he is auditing, which allows him to be independent and impartial at all times. 2] Confidentiality The auditor has access to a lot of sensitive financial information of the organization. It is important that he respect the confidential nature of such information and documents. He cannot disclose any sensitive information to any third party unless it is a requirement by law. And he must also be very careful with documents, certificates etc. that the organ...